The vagus nerve trunk splits into branches that go to different parts of the stomach. Stimulation from these branches causes the stomach to produce acid. Too much stomach acid leads to ulcers that may eventually bleed and create an emergency situation. A vagotomy surgery is performed when acid production in the stomach can not be reduced by other means. Indian health institutions have experienced surgeons performing vagotomy surgery in India. Indian surgeons at hospitals of Mumbai and Chennai have decades of surgical experience, they assure you safety and world class results. Many patients from United States, and UK these days are traveling to India for vagotomy surgery mainly because of low cost, experienced surgeons, quality hospitals and no waiting lists.

A vagotomy surgery is performed when acid production in the stomach can’t be reduced by other means. The purpose of the procedure is to disable the acid-producing capacity of the stomach. A vagotomy surgery in India is performed using laparoscopic surgical technique resulting in lesser healing time.

A vagotomy surgery is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the abdomen and locates the vagus nerve. Either the trunk or the branches leading to the stomach are cut. The abdominal muscles are sewn back together, and the skin is closed with sutures. Patients who have vagotomy surgery have the hospital stay for about seven days.

The complication rates of vagotomy surgery in India at international hospitals of Mumbai and Chennai are very negligible. Hospitals in India have state of art operation theatres using sterile techniques, complete range of sophisticated instruments. Medical tourism in India provides you an effective way of getting low cost procedure along with a special package for rejuvenating at exotic tourist destinations in India. People come to India from US and Europe in order to restore their health at a cost effective budget along with a purpose to know the centuries–old history of the country, to learn about it at present and to do the sight. To get more info on vagotomy surgery in India visit us at http://www.forerunnershealthcare.com or mail your queries at enquiry@forerunnershealthcare.com

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Acid reflux or GERD is a problem that many people face on a daily basis. Although everyone has reflux, a patient with acid reflux actually experiences a burning, painful sensation as the stomach liquids back up into the esophagus. This can be an uncomfortable and even serious medical problem.

In most cases, the symptoms of acid reflux are painful and uncomfortable but not seriously damaging to a person’s health. These types of symptoms are referred to as “uncomplicated” acid reflux. The three most common symptoms are nausea, regurgitation, and heartburn.

Patients with acid reflux often report suffering from nausea. In fact, nausea as a result of acid reflux is so common that when a patient experiences nausea with no apparent cause, a doctor usually suspects acid reflux as the culprit.

Equally as common as nausea occurring from acid reflux is regurgitation. Regurgitation occurs when refluxed liquid actually backs up into the mouth. Sometimes, this liquid can contain food. When a patient regurgitates, they often experience a burning sensation as refluxed liquid and food bypass the UES (upper esophageal sphincter) and make their way into the mouth. This burning is often accompanied by an awful, acidic taste. If a patient continues to experience regurgitation, it can actually cause damage to their teeth as the acidic substance erodes the enamel that encases each tooth.

Probably the most common reported complaint of acid reflux patients is the presence of heartburn. This is usually characterized as a searing pain in the chest. It can either begin in your upper abdomen or actually travel up to your neck. For some patients, this can be a cause for alarm. In fact, many people have mistaken painful acid reflux for a heart attack. Heartburn is especially prevalent after eating meals. Although heartburn usually goes away, the bad news is that it is usually a lifelong problem that will eventually return.

Although most forms of acid reflux do not pose serious health risks, there are complications that can occur from acid reflux. One of the most common complications comes in the form of ulcers.

If the liquid from the stomach that refluxes, damages the lining of the esophagus, inflammation can occur. If the damage is deep enough, an ulcer can actually form. Scar tissue can form a “stricture” which can cause food to get lodged or stuck in the esophagus.

Another complication that can arise from acid reflux is Barrett’s Esophagus. If a person has severe acid reflux, this causes changes to the cells that surround and line the esophagus. These can turn pre-cancerous and even evolve into cancer cells.

There are many other complications that sometimes occur as a result of acid reflux. Asthma and coughs can be intensified or sparked by acid reflux. The same is true of inflammation of the throat, larynx, or lungs. A patient can also experience fluid in his sinuses or middle ears.

Although the complications associated with acid reflux are rare, it is important to keep in mind that acid reflux is a condition that should be treated by your doctor. There are also a variety of effective home remedies for acid reflux. If properly handled, it is a highly treatable condition. If left unattended, you risk the possibility of causing irreparable damage to your body.

Kathryn Whittaker has an interest in Acid Reflux. For further information on Acid Reflux please visit http://www.naturally-stop-acid-reflux.com/acidreflux.html or http://naturally-stop-acid-reflux.com/blog/2006/08/19/the-symptoms-of-gerdacid-reflux/ .

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By gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD, acidic reflux disease) content from the stomach is frequently pushed up into the esophagus and sometimes all the way into the mouth. The content can also sometimes be aspirated down into the throat and the windpipe.

Since there is a high concentration of acid (HCl) and digestive enzymes in the stomach content, it will irritate or hurt the esophagus, mouth or throat. It will give acute burning pain and can cause chronic inflammation and eventually also structural damages in these organs.

THE MECHANISMS OF THE DISEASE

Several mechanisms can cause acid reflux and thereby heartburn, either solely or in combination:

- The sphincter (a circular muscle) that normally closes the entrance from the esophagus into the stomach can be too lax or it can be be abnormally shaped so that stomach content leaks upwards.

- Hiatal hernia can cause GERD. By this condition the upper part of the stomach has been pressed up through the passage in the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity.

- The digestion of food in the ventricle may be too slow, causing the ventricle to empty too late and eventually get over-filled.

- The ventricle can contract too much or have cramps, like when one throws up.

- The portal muscle between the stomach ventricle and the duodenum (upper part of the small intestine) can be too narrow or constrict too strongly so that content fills up in the ventricle and makes an over- pressure here.

- Any situation that increases the pressure in the abdominal cavity can contribute to GERD.

- The heartburn and other symptoms of GERD can be associated with a too high production of salty acid (HCl) in the ventricle.

- Also people with normal stomach function seem to have some degree of reflux. In many sufferers of GERD increased production of acid therefore seems to be the only component of the disease.

PRIMARY CAUSES OF GERD

The primary causes of these mechanisms and thereby GERD can also be many:

- Anomalies in the gastroesophageal sphincter or other places in the stomach region causing reflux can be congenital.

- Consuming too much coffee, tea, alcoholic beverages, citrus juices, tomato juice, carbonated beverages, chocolate, peppermint and other spices can cause GERD. But a more moderate consume of coffee, tea and spices may have a good effect on the digestion.

- People that consume great amounts of fatty food, refined sugar and refined floor will often acquire acid reflux.

- Acidic reflux is sometimes associated with smoking and with use of certain drugs, like cocaine.

- Frequent physical strain of certain kind, like heavy lifting when bending down, frequent coughing or labor during delivery can increase the pressure in the stomach and cause reflux.

- A history of stomach ulcers or inflammations can give the kind of abnormalities in the stomach that cause GERD.

- Nervous problems caused by stress or physical neurological anomalies can affect the nervous control of the stomach and the sphincter and lead to frequent regurgitation of stomach content

TREATMENT OF GERD

Lifestyle measures are often the first treatment one tries to help against GERD. If these are not enough, drugs of various kind can be used, and as a last resort surgery is sometimes performed. Possible measures against GERD are:

- It can be useful to reduce the consume of coffee, tea, alcoholic beverages, citrus juices, tomato juice, carbonated beverages, chocolate, peppermint and other spices. It is however not necessarily wise to avoid consume of coffee, tea and spices totally

- Stopping or reducing smoking may help against GERD.

- Reducing the consume of food with much added sugar or of sweet snacks and cookies may help. It may also help to eat full corn bread and cereals instead of products based on refined flour.

- Lying with the upper body and head high can often hinder reflux during night or rest. Reducing the meals before bedtime can also help..

- Relaxing measures like meditation or measures to avoid stress can often alleviate the problem.

- Chewing gum after meals may alleviate GERD, because this action stimulates the production of acid-neutralizing saliva and the swallowing down of the regurgitated stomach content

- Acute symptoms of GERD can be alleviated with drugs containing acid-neutralizing substances. Most of these are based on salts of aluminium, magnesium or calcium.

- Sometimes drugs that modify the acid secretion are used. A class of these drugs blocks the action of the tissue hormone histamine that commands the release of acid – the so-called H2 receptor blockers (cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, ranitidine). Another class, proton pump inhibitors, blocks the production of acid directly (esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole) These.last drugs also help against the inflammation and damages done by the reflux.

- There are also drugs than can stimulate the function of the muscles in the upper digestive system, so that the gastroesophageal sphincter contracts better and the stomach empties itself faster (metoclopramide).

- One drug (Gaviscon) works partly by producing a foam that will lay upon the top of the stomach content and block the regurgitation, and partly by neutralizing the acid.

- Substances that can improve the digestion chemically can sometimes help, like supplements of gastric enzymes.

- There also exist herbs or natural substances with the ability to reduce acid reflux and help heal damages from acid reflux, like Aloe vera, Picrorhiza, orange peel, and licorice. Often such substances are blended to give the wanted effects.

- When hiatal hernia causes severe reflux, a surgical procedure called Nissen fundoplication is sometimes performed.

To find further information and products for body development, fitness and natural disease cures, please see Knut Holt’s website. Products and advices against GERD, digestive problems, over-weight, hypothyroidism, hemorrhoids, acne, joint pain, flu, UTI, yeast infection, edema, heart problems, nervous problems, rheumatic problems, respiratory ailments and more. —–

http://www.panteraconsulting.com/salg2.htm

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Stomach ulcer refers to open lesions and ulcerations at the level of the stomach. Statistics indicate that more than two percent of the people in the United States are diagnosed with stomach ulcer each year and it is estimated that around eight to ten percent of these people are at risk of developing various other forms of ulcer over the years. In the United States there are approximately half a million annual cases of stomach ulcer. The disorder has the highest incidence in the male gender, and it predominantly affects people with ages over 50.

Stomach ulcer is considered to be a serious disorder. In the absence of medical treatment, stomach ulcer can lead to complications such as stomach perforation and internal bleeding. There are many forms of treatment for stomach ulcer in present. However, the problem with most medications is that they only provide temporary symptomatic relief, allowing the disorder to reoccur soon after completing the prescribed medical treatment.

Stomach ulcer is a digestive disorder that occurs due to physiological abnormalities (poor stomach production of bicarbonate, poor integrity of the stomach’s mucosal protective cover, inappropriate mucosal blood flow, overproduction of pepsin and gastric acid) and infection with bacteria called Helicobacter pylori. Although these bacteria are known to be a major cause of stomach ulcer, most doctors neglect this aspect and only prescribe medications for normalizing the stomach’s production of digestive fluids. Although antacids and other medications commonly used in the treatment for stomach ulcer can keep the disorder under control, they can’t overcome the ulcer completely. Unless the treatment with antacids is followed on a regular basis, the symptoms of stomach ulcer are very likely to reoccur.

One of the most common medications used in the treatment for stomach ulcer is Tagamet. This ulcer drug acts by reducing the levels of gastric acid and pepsin inside the stomach. The problem with Tagamet and other antacids is that they only provide short-term effects. Most people affected by stomach ulcer experience a relapse of the disorder soon after interrupting the treatment with Tagamet.

Since the underlying cause of stomach ulcer is infection with Helicobacter pylori, people with the disorder should also receive a medical treatment with antibiotics. Research results indicate that people with stomach ulcer who have been prescribed a course of antibiotics such as amoxicillin or penicillin have experienced a considerable amelioration of their ulcer. In addition, most people with stomach ulcer who have followed treatments with antibiotics have been permanently cured. Unlike antacids, antibiotics can provide long-term effects for people affected by stomach ulcer, thus minimizing the chances of relapse.

A two-week course of amoxicillin is usually sufficient for overcoming the infection with Helicobacter pylori. Corroborated with antacids, antibiotic treatments can successfully cure stomach ulcers, minimizing the chances of relapse.

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Gastric bypass surgery is considered a convenient and effective long-term weight loss solution for people diagnosed as morbidly obese. But because gastric bypass surgery is an elective procedure, it is imperative that you weigh both the risks and the benefits before signing on for this life-changing procedure. This article will explain gastric bypass surgery step-by-step to help you understand exactly what is involved and make an informed decision.

Whether you have the open procedure, where they make a long incision through the outer wall of the abdomen, or the laparoscopic procedure, where they make several small incisions for the instruments and special cameras used by the surgeon to see what he is doing, the steps are still the same. First the surgeon will use a surgical stapler or hand stitches to divide the upper stomach into two parts, one large and one small. The small pouch is about the size of a golf ball and can hold approximately 20 cc of food (although it will later stretch some).

This new pouch will still continue to produce the stomach acid needed to soften and break down your food; however, the small size dramatically limits the amount of food you can consume after weight loss surgery. In addition, creating a small pouch minimizes the risk of developing an ulcer from too much acid entering the small intestine. (The surgeon could just remove the lower part of the stomach during gastric bypass surgery, but they don’t, for a very good reason. It still can produce the acid needed to digest food, so the operation can be revised, if necessary.)

Next, the surgeon will divide the small intestine so it can be directly connected to the new stomach pouch. This part of the small intestine is called the “Roux Limb” after the Swiss surgeon who invented the technique. This piece of the small intestine is connected to the new stomach pouch either using a surgical stapler or by hand stitching. Even if the surgeon uses a stapler, he will reinforce the staples at strategic points with hand-sewn stitches.

After gastric bypass surgery, the food you eat will travel down the esophagus into the new stomach pouch, where it will briefly begin to digest. Then, it quickly travels down the new connection to the small intestine, where it will be joined by other digestive juices from the lower stomach, liver and pancreas to complete the digestion process as they travel together down the length of the small intestine.

In rare cases, the surgeon will insert a tube between the upper stomach and the intestine to allow stomach juices to flow into the small intestine. This is only done if the surgeon believes there is a high probability of a specific complication that prevents the digestive juices from draining properly. In most cases, this tube is removed a few weeks after surgery.

Patients generally will stay in the hospital anywhere from two to six days and will have to eat a pureed diet for many weeks. Most patients begin losing excess weight immediately and will lose anywhere from 60% to 80% of their excess weight within a two year period. Most will keep at least half of their excess weight off permanently.

Some of the benefits of this type of surgery are that other illnesses cause by excessive weight—such as sleep apnea, weight related heart problems, diabetes, and lower back and knee problems—will greatly improve and may completely disappear. But, like any surgery, there are risks, some of which can be fatal. Before considering any type of elective surgery, consult with your doctor and explore all of the available treatments.

Craig Thompson, better known as “Big T,” a former sumo wrestler who used to tip the scales at 400 pounds has since reinvented himself as a singer and bandleader. As one of the earliest to have Gastric Bypass Surgery, in 1997.

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